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Program Review for Administration of Justice

Program Review Framework & Criteria

I. Connection: From interest to application (Qualitative, program head and dean)

1) Please provide a description of any changes to the program since the last cycle and the appropriate updates to the catalog (general education changes, program requirement changes, ancillary program costs for students, hours/credits of credentials, etc.).

Since the last review, several changes were made to the ADJ curriculum. Firstly, the ADJ-228 Dangerous Drugs class was replaced by ADJ-133 Ethics course. This was done after consulting with the ADJ advisory board which decided that due to the ongoing nature of police work that an Ethics course would be more relevant and desirable to their departments. Additionally, after cross referencing numerous Criminal Justice programs across the Commonwealth Ethic’s courses are contained in every program examined and courses focusing on drugs were being phased out (ie. Ethics courses are simply more transferrable). Secondly, ADJ-243 Homeland Security was replaced with ADJ-160 Police Response to Critical Incidents. Again, this was prompted by request from the advisory board. While ADJ-133 Ethics is a requirement for graduation, ADJ-160 is offered as an elective and is frequently used as a flex to help with scheduling. 

In 2018, the ADJ Programs offerings were extended to Henry County Public School. Initially the program had seven students. The following program year, the student number rose to over 30. However, the following year the courses were only offered in an online format (due to Covid). 

The ADJ degree was changed from 67 required credits to 66 required credits after the SDV-101 course was eliminated.  

During the previous catalog years, P&HCC’s online offerings were limited to four online courses (two in the fall and two in the spring). Three to five instructors were used to deliver the entirety of the program. Since that time, all of the ADJ/CJ courses have moved to being offered once a year (aside from ADJ-280 and ADJ-299 which are offered in both the Fall and Spring) in both the in class and online setting. This was accomplished by offering three online courses during the fall and spring semesters as well as teaching two courses online and in person during the summer semester. The size of the instructor pool has been reduced to two instructors (with the exception of the 2019 school year when the pool was expanded to three instructors to accommodate educational requirements per HCPS, Dual Enrollment expanded over 30 students).

In 2018, a chapter of Lambda Alpha Epsilon (National Criminal Justice Fraternity) was adopted. The initial charter included 12 students with a full board (President, Vice-President, Secretary, Sergeant of Arms and Recorder).

In 2019, the Math requirements in the General Studies/Criminal Justice Programs were examined. Prior to that catalog year MTH-165 Pre-Calculus was required. However, due to applicability and transfer issues it was decided that students should be given the option to take MTH-165 or MTH-155 Statistical Reasoning (depending on their choice of four-year university).  

In 2019, the VCCS implemented G3 offerings. As part of the G3 grant the Justice Studies, Career Studies Certificate (CSC) would be offered (across the Commonwealth). Upon the initial meeting it was decided that all parties should meet with their advisory board and ask what areas they identified shortcoming. Following those meeting all the ADJ department heads from across the Commonwealth worked with VCCS administration to formulate the Foundations of Justice CSC. 



2) How do students find out about the program? Please provide examples of advising activities, marketing materials, or other outreach and engagement events designed to recruit students to the program.

The Administration of Justice program is advertised in the Patrick Henry Community College (PHCC) catalog as an Associate of Applied Science degree. Students who express interest in working in the field of Criminal Justice (as a police officer, lawyer, judge, probation officer, investigator etc.) are advised to enroll in the Legal Assisting program. Brochures about the program were made available prior to the Covid pandemic. The instructors maintain constant contact with the numerous departments throughout the state in regard to recruiting new students to include current law enforcement professionals. Instructors maintain a reciprocal relationship with law enforcement recruiters (background investigators) to help both parties recruit. Instructors also provide informational packets to varies agencies to explain to them degree requirements as well as other various benefits such as the G-3 grants opportunities. Instructors also participate in numerous student recruitment opportunities made available through the (high school) career counselors which allow for the instructors to speak with HCPS students at various events. 



II. Entry: From application to pathway entry (Qualitative, program head and dean)

1) Please provide a description of your program credentials and how they stack into one another.

PHCC offers two AAS regarding Criminal Justice. General Studies with a focus on Criminal Justice and Administration of Justice.  

The Criminal Justice degree is a stand-alone degree with very few credentials to stack as the bulk of the degree are general studies courses.

The Administration of Justice curriculum offers two career studies certificates. These certificates are Foundations of Justice and Justice Studies. The Foundations of Justice is a 19 credit CSC which focuses strictly on ADJ courses. The rationale behind the CSC is to capture current law enforcement officers who may need continuing career credits for job advancement.

·       ADJ 100 - Survey of Criminal Justice Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 1

 

 

The Foundation of Justice CSC was the creation of the G-3 program and is a more well-rounded CSC requiring several general education courses.

·       ADJ 100 - Survey of Criminal Justice Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 3

·        Credits: 1

 

Currently, the instructors are examining the idea with implementing Incident Command System (ICS) courses into ADJ-111. One of the ongoing major themes that complicates adding credentialing into the program is the separation between ADJ/VCCS programs and the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Service (DCJS). DCJS oversees all of the Criminal Justice academies throughout the Commonwealth and is currently in control of the vast majority of the credentials the law enforcement officers are required to obtain and maintain. This topic was brought up to the VCCS administration during the G-3 meetings by the various department heads. However, at this time, none of the department heads have received any feedback from VCCS administration. 



Questions for consideration:
1.a. What is the employability (or transferability) of each credential?

While the typical minimum educational requirement for most local law enforcement agencies (police and sheriff departments) is a high school diploma and DJCS has a lock on the credentialing process, obtaining a CSC or two-year degree in CJ or ADJ carries more long-term benefits.

Several law enforcement agencies (Danville Police Department and Roanoke Police Department) offer immediate pay increases for those candidates that apply and complete their respective academies that have completed a A.A.S. These initial pay increases in salary range from $2,000 annually to $4,000 annually.

The degrees are taken more into account in other professions in the criminal justice field as they act as a stepping stone towards a four-year degree for professions such as probation officer, attorney, judge, and any work involving the federal system.

The most important component of acquiring post-high school education in law-enforcement is not during the initial hiring of law enforcement officer, but during the promotional process. Most promotional process consider numerous numerous components (years of service, educational achievements, work-performance, etc.). However, the formal educational component is typically the most heavily weighted metric (ie. those which post-high school education stand a much high change of being promoted a head of their peers resulting in high pay over the course of their careers). All of the local and statement departments take into account formal education. The current entry level pay for local law enforcement officers is currently approximately $42,000 annually. For the VSP starting pay is $52,000 annually.

Most graduating students either elect to move on two a four-year university or obtain a job with the local agencies (HCSO, PCSO, MPD, DPD, DSO, PCSO, VADC). Currently, all of the listed departments have vacancies with many of them offering initial sign-on bonuses.

Regarding transferability, the Criminal Justice degree is highly transferable as it is built upon a general studies degree. While not as transferable, the Administration of Justice degree is designed to have many courses that are popular with the four-year universities across the Commonwealth. Additionally, a articulation agreement was signed with Averett University (AU) which states that students graduating from P&HCC will be accepted into AU as Junior’s without having their transcript evaluated class by class. This agreement has been very useful as the majority of ADJ students that elect to continue their education have elected to attend AU. Subsequently, AU has done an outstanding job with their retention/graduation rates. 



1.b. Do all credits from a sub-credential transfer into the parent credential?

Yes. 



1.c. What is the timeframe of completion for all credentials within the program (i.e. is the program setup to award sub-credentials prior to the parent credential)?

The Justice Studies and Foundations of Criminal Justice CSC’s are 17 and 19 credits respectively. They can be completed within two semesters.

Students who wish to receive the AAS in Administration of Justice (66 credits) can reasonably obtain that degree in four-semesters. Students are typically encouraged to take a load of 15 credits per semester and two courses over the summer (to help with retention). Students who have attended DE courses have the opportunity to graduate within three semesters (one calendar year). 

Students who wish to receive an AAS in Criminal Justice (62 credits) can reasonably obtain that degree in four-semester. Students are typically encouraged to take a load of 15 credits per semester. That stated, (more so in the past) the mathematics component has been somewhat difficult for some students to navigate requiring students to have to complete various math modules prior to enrolling in MTH-165 Pre-Calculus (hence the implementation of MTH-153 Statistics). 



2) Program enrollment, if applicable, disaggregated by specialization (Quantitative, IE)

Admin Justice (AAS)

14/15

15/16

16/17

17/18

18/19

19/20

20/21

21/22

Headcount

68

47

33

38

50

47

41

33

FTE

42.5

30.93

24.00

26.70

38.53

38.03

27.77

22.93

 


Justice Studies (CSC)

14/15

15/16

16/17

17/18

18/19

19/20

20/21

21/22

Headcount

--

--

--

--

--

2

2

-

FTE

--

--

--

--

--

0.77

0.70

-

Criminal Justice Specialization (AA&S)

14/15

15/16

16/17

17/18

18/19

19/20

20/21

21/22

Headcount

34

31

26

19

31

22

27

19

FTE

19.10

20.73

15.80

13.37

17.07

15.97

20.53

14.37


a. Annual program FTE and HC over the last review cycle (To include SCHEV program ratios and SCHEV class ratios)



III. Progress: Pathway advancement (Quantitative, IE)

1) Student learning outcomes data

ADJ - Administration of Justice (AAS)

JS = Justice Studies (CSC)

CJ = Criminal Justice (AA&S)

OutcomeProgram21/2220/2119/2018/1917/1816/1715/1614/15
To evaluate tort and criminal case charges, elements, victims, perpetrators, and outcomesADJMet

MetMet, New faculty, changes pending Met, Look at different ways to maximize the utilization of forensics labMet, no changesMet, Offer prescriptive examples to better inform students
To utilize proper criminal investigation methodsADJMet


MetMet
MetMet, Offer prescriptive examples to better inform students
To demonstrate acceptable workplace skills and behaviorsADJMet


MetMetMetMetMet, Ensure students continue to be oriented about industry expectations
To identify effects of crime, law, and law enforcement systems in societyADJ/JS/CJMet


MetMet
Not MetMet, Ask library services to cover research basics prior to project start date
To demonstrate competency in legal and non-legal drugsADJ/JSN/A


Not Met
MetMet, Reiterate and clarify project expectations




2) Program credit attainment (15/12 in one semester, 30/24 for those who enrolled in two consecutive semesters)


ADJ

18/19

19/20

20/21


21/22

Cohort Size

50

47

41

33

12 or less credits (1 semester only)

12

1

5

5

13-15 credits (1 semester only)

0

8

3

5

24 or less credits (2 semesters)

14

11

10

9

More than 24 credits (2 semesters)

13

15

8

6

Total taking 2 semesters worth of credits

27/50

26/47

18/41

15/33

Criminal Justice

18/19

19/20

20/21

21/22

21Cohort Size

31

22

27

19

12 or less credits (1 semester only)

5

3

1

1

13-15 credits (1 semester only)

5

0

1

2

24 or less credits (2 semesters)

1

6

6

3

More than 24 credits (2 semesters)

4

6

9

8

Total taking 2 semesters worth of credits

5/31

12/22

15/27

11/19



3) Program retention and persistence relative to the start date of the program (subsequent term calculation)


ADJ

18/19

19/20

20/21

21/22

Persistence

94%

86%

80%

67%

Retention

31%

57%

60%    

67%

Criminal Justice

18/19

19/20

20/21

21/22

Persistence

75%

80%

83%

87%

Retention

50%

50%

58%

75%








IV. Completion: Credential attainment (Quantitative, IE)

1) Sub-credential attainment and timeframe (are students completing sub-credential prior to or at the same time as parent credential?)


Justice Studies CSC18/1919/2020/2121/22
Graduates----1/2-
Out of graduates, those who graduated within 150% timeframe----1/1-




2) Parent credential attainment and timeframe, if applicable, disaggregated by specialization

Administration of Justice18/1919/2020/2121/22
Graduates5/507/4710/415/33
Out of graduates, those who graduated within 150% timeframe5/57/78/105/5
Criminal Justice18/1919/2020/2121/22
Graduates0/313/234/277/19
Out of graduates, those who graduated within 150% timeframe--3/34/47/7


a. Are students completing within 6 semesters (150% of graduation time)?



V. Transition: Employment or transfer post-credential (Quantitative, IE)

1) Transfer outcomes (students who transfer with associate degree, students who transfer without)


ProgramCohortGraduatesw/Assocw/o Assoc
Criminal Justice27410




2) Student perspective/satisfaction


Question2018-192019-202020-212021-22
The courses I took at P&HCC prepared me for my educational goals.74.3


The faculty at P&HCC are fair and supportive of students.86.7


The faculty at P&HCC demonstrate thorough knowledge of the subject matter.90.7


In the courses I took at P&HCC, classroom activities and outside assignments were appropriate and meaningful.72.7


I would recommend the faculty at P&HCC91.3





VI. Sustainability: Future Program Outlook (Mixed methods, IE, program head and dean)


1) Program forecast (major expenditures, changes, personnel needs, etc.); any future costs should be explained in this section)



a. Any other pertinent information relevant to the review process should be provided here (e.g. community need, state/federal requirements, external accreditation, SCHEV low enrollment warning, etc.)



b. Employment forecast for program (Analyst data)


Occupation data for Patrick & Henry Service RegionTotal EmployedMean WageProjected Demand (5 years)
Law Enforcement Workers402$44,500130
All Occupations47,606$42,00025,599