Program Review for Administration of Justice
Program Review Framework & Criteria
I. Connection: From interest to application (Qualitative, program head and dean)
1) Please provide a description of any changes to the program since the last cycle and the appropriate updates to the catalog (general education changes, program requirement changes, ancillary program costs for students, hours/credits of credentials, etc.).
Since the last review, several changes were
made to the ADJ curriculum. Firstly, the ADJ-228 Dangerous Drugs class was
replaced by ADJ-133 Ethics course. This was done after consulting with the ADJ advisory
board which decided that due to the ongoing nature of police work that an Ethics
course would be more relevant and desirable to their departments. Additionally,
after cross referencing numerous Criminal Justice programs across the
Commonwealth Ethic’s courses are contained in every program examined and courses
focusing on drugs were being phased out (ie. Ethics courses are simply more
transferrable). Secondly, ADJ-243 Homeland Security was replaced with ADJ-160 Police Response to Critical Incidents. Again, this was prompted by request from the advisory board. While ADJ-133 Ethics is a requirement for graduation, ADJ-160 is offered as an elective and is frequently used as a flex to help with scheduling.
In 2018, the ADJ Programs offerings were
extended to Henry County Public School. Initially the program had seven
students. The following program year, the student number rose to over 30.
However, the following year the courses were only offered in an online format (due
to Covid).
The ADJ degree was changed from 67 required
credits to 66 required credits after the SDV-101 course was eliminated.
During the previous catalog years, P&HCC’s
online offerings were limited to four online courses (two in the fall and two
in the spring). Three to five instructors were used to deliver the entirety of
the program. Since that time, all of the ADJ/CJ courses have moved to being
offered once a year (aside from ADJ-280 and ADJ-299 which are offered in both
the Fall and Spring) in both the in class and online setting. This was
accomplished by offering three online courses during the fall and spring
semesters as well as teaching two courses online and in person during the
summer semester. The size of the instructor pool has been reduced to two instructors
(with the exception of the 2019 school year when the pool was expanded to three
instructors to accommodate educational requirements per HCPS, Dual Enrollment
expanded over 30 students).
In 2018, a chapter of Lambda Alpha Epsilon (National
Criminal Justice Fraternity) was adopted. The initial charter included 12
students with a full board (President, Vice-President, Secretary, Sergeant of
Arms and Recorder).
In 2019, the Math requirements in the General Studies/Criminal Justice Programs were examined. Prior to that catalog year MTH-165 Pre-Calculus was required. However, due to applicability and transfer issues it was decided that students should be given the option to take MTH-165 or MTH-155 Statistical Reasoning (depending on their choice of four-year university).
In 2019, the VCCS implemented G3 offerings. As
part of the G3 grant the Justice Studies, Career Studies Certificate (CSC) would be offered (across the Commonwealth). Upon the initial meeting it was
decided that all parties should meet with their advisory board and ask what
areas they identified shortcoming. Following those meeting all the ADJ department heads from across the Commonwealth worked with VCCS administration to formulate the Foundations of Justice CSC.
2) How do students find out about the program? Please provide examples of advising activities, marketing materials, or other outreach and engagement events designed to recruit students to the program.
The Administration of Justice program is advertised in the
Patrick Henry Community College (PHCC) catalog as an Associate of Applied
Science degree. Students who express interest in working in the field of
Criminal Justice (as a police officer, lawyer, judge, probation officer, investigator
etc.) are advised to enroll in the Legal Assisting program. Brochures
about the program were made available prior to the Covid pandemic. The
instructors maintain constant contact with the numerous departments throughout the
state in regard to recruiting new students to include current law enforcement
professionals. Instructors maintain a reciprocal relationship with law
enforcement recruiters (background investigators) to help both parties recruit.
Instructors also provide informational packets to varies agencies to explain to
them degree requirements as well as other various benefits such as the G-3
grants opportunities. Instructors also participate in numerous student
recruitment opportunities made available through the (high school) career counselors
which allow for the instructors to speak with HCPS students at various events.
II. Entry: From application to pathway entry (Qualitative, program head and dean)
1) Please provide a description of your program credentials and how they stack into one another.
PHCC offers two AAS regarding Criminal Justice.
General Studies with a focus on Criminal Justice and Administration of Justice.
The Criminal Justice degree is a stand-alone
degree with very few credentials to stack as the bulk of the degree are general
studies courses.
The Administration of Justice curriculum
offers two career studies certificates.
These certificates are Foundations of Justice and Justice Studies. The
Foundations of Justice is a 19 credit CSC which focuses strictly on ADJ
courses. The rationale behind the CSC is to capture current law enforcement
officers who may need continuing career credits for job advancement.
· ADJ 100 - Survey of Criminal
Justice Credits: 3
· ADJ 105 - The Juvenile Justice System Credits: 3
· ADJ 111 - Law Enforcement Organization & Administration I Credits:
3
· ADJ 146 - Adult Correctional Institutions Credits:
3
· ADJ 133 - Ethics and the Criminal Justice Professional Credits:
3
· ADJ 201 - Criminology Credits: 3
· SDV 100 - College Success Skills Credits: 1
The Foundation of Justice CSC was the creation of the G-3 program
and is a more well-rounded CSC requiring several general education courses.
· ADJ 100 - Survey of Criminal Justice Credits:
3
· ADJ 133 - Ethics and the Criminal Justice Professional Credits:
3
· ADJ 201 - Criminology Credits: 3
· ADJ 130 - Introduction to Criminal Law Credits: 3
· ENG 111 - College Composition I Credits: 3
· ITE 115 - Introduction to Computer Applications and Concepts Credits:
3
· SDV 100 - College Success Skills Credits: 1
Currently, the instructors are examining the idea with
implementing Incident Command System (ICS) courses into ADJ-111. One of the
ongoing major themes that complicates adding credentialing into the program is
the separation between ADJ/VCCS programs and the Virginia Department of
Criminal Justice Service (DCJS). DCJS oversees all of the Criminal Justice
academies throughout the Commonwealth and is currently in control of the vast
majority of the credentials the law enforcement officers are required to obtain
and maintain. This topic was brought up to the VCCS administration during the
G-3 meetings by the various department heads. However, at this time, none of
the department heads have received any feedback from VCCS administration.
Questions for consideration:
1.a. What is the employability (or transferability) of each credential?
While
the typical minimum educational requirement for most local law enforcement
agencies (police and sheriff departments) is a high school diploma and DJCS has
a lock on the credentialing process, obtaining a CSC or two-year degree in CJ
or ADJ carries more long-term benefits.
Several
law enforcement agencies (Danville Police Department and Roanoke Police Department)
offer immediate pay increases for those candidates that apply and complete their
respective academies that have completed a A.A.S. These initial pay increases
in salary range from $2,000 annually to $4,000 annually.
The
degrees are taken more into account in other professions in the criminal
justice field as they act as a stepping stone towards a four-year degree for
professions such as probation officer, attorney, judge, and any work involving
the federal system.
The
most important component of acquiring post-high school education in law-enforcement
is not during the initial hiring of law enforcement officer, but during the
promotional process. Most promotional process consider numerous numerous components
(years of service, educational achievements, work-performance, etc.). However, the
formal educational component is typically the most heavily weighted metric (ie.
those which post-high school education stand a much high change of being promoted
a head of their peers resulting in high pay over the course of their careers). All
of the local and statement departments take into account formal education. The
current entry level pay for local law enforcement officers is currently approximately
$42,000 annually. For the VSP starting pay is $52,000 annually.
Most
graduating students either elect to move on two a four-year university or
obtain a job with the local agencies (HCSO, PCSO, MPD, DPD, DSO, PCSO, VADC).
Currently, all of the listed departments have vacancies with many of them
offering initial sign-on bonuses.
Regarding
transferability, the Criminal Justice degree is highly transferable as it is
built upon a general studies degree. While not as transferable, the
Administration of Justice degree is designed to have many courses that are popular
with the four-year universities across the Commonwealth. Additionally, a
articulation agreement was signed with Averett University (AU) which states
that students graduating from P&HCC will be accepted into AU as Junior’s without
having their transcript evaluated class by class. This agreement has been very
useful as the majority of ADJ students that elect to continue their education
have elected to attend AU. Subsequently, AU has done an outstanding job with
their retention/graduation rates.
1.b. Do all credits from a sub-credential transfer into the parent credential?
Yes.
1.c. What is the timeframe of completion for all credentials within the program (i.e. is the program setup to award sub-credentials prior to the parent credential)?
The Justice Studies and Foundations of
Criminal Justice CSC’s are 17 and 19 credits respectively. They can be
completed within two semesters.
Students who wish to receive the AAS in Administration
of Justice (66 credits) can reasonably obtain that degree in four-semesters. Students
are typically encouraged to take a load of 15 credits per semester and two
courses over the summer (to help with retention). Students who have attended DE
courses have the opportunity to graduate within three semesters (one calendar
year).
Students who wish to receive an AAS in Criminal Justice (62
credits) can reasonably obtain that degree in four-semester. Students are
typically encouraged to take a load of 15 credits per semester. That stated, (more
so in the past) the mathematics component has been somewhat difficult for some
students to navigate requiring students to have to complete various math
modules prior to enrolling in MTH-165 Pre-Calculus (hence the implementation of
MTH-153 Statistics).
2) Program enrollment, if applicable, disaggregated by specialization (Quantitative, IE)
Admin Justice (AAS) |
14/15 |
15/16 |
16/17 |
17/18 |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 | 21/22 |
Headcount |
68 |
47 |
33 |
38 |
50 |
47 |
41 | 33 |
FTE |
42.5 |
30.93 |
24.00 |
26.70 |
38.53 |
38.03 |
27.77 | 22.93 |
Justice Studies (CSC) |
14/15 |
15/16 |
16/17 |
17/18 |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 | 21/22 |
Headcount |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
2 |
2 | - |
FTE |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
0.77 |
0.70 | - |
Criminal Justice Specialization (AA&S) |
14/15 |
15/16 |
16/17 |
17/18 |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 | 21/22 |
Headcount |
34 |
31 |
26 |
19 |
31 |
22 |
27 | 19 |
FTE |
19.10 |
20.73 |
15.80 |
13.37 |
17.07 |
15.97 |
20.53 | 14.37 |
a. Annual program FTE and HC over the last review cycle (To include SCHEV program ratios and SCHEV class ratios)
III. Progress: Pathway advancement (Quantitative, IE)
1) Student learning outcomes data
ADJ - Administration of Justice (AAS)
JS = Justice Studies (CSC)
CJ = Criminal Justice (AA&S)
Outcome | Program | 21/22 | 20/21 | 19/20 | 18/19 | 17/18 | 16/17 | 15/16 | 14/15 |
To evaluate tort and criminal case charges, elements, victims, perpetrators, and outcomes | ADJ | Met | Met | Met, New faculty, changes pending | Met, Look at different ways to maximize the utilization of forensics lab | Met, no changes | Met, Offer prescriptive examples to better inform students | ||
To utilize proper criminal investigation methods | ADJ | Met | Met | Met | Met | Met, Offer prescriptive examples to better inform students | |||
To demonstrate acceptable workplace skills and behaviors | ADJ | Met | Met | Met | Met | Met | Met, Ensure students continue to be oriented about industry expectations | ||
To identify effects of crime, law, and law enforcement systems in society | ADJ/JS/CJ | Met | Met | Met | Not Met | Met, Ask library services to cover research basics prior to project start date | |||
To demonstrate competency in legal and non-legal drugs | ADJ/JS | N/A | Not Met | Met | Met, Reiterate and clarify project expectations |
2) Program credit attainment (15/12 in one semester, 30/24 for those who enrolled in two consecutive semesters)
ADJ |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 |
21/22 |
Cohort Size |
50 |
47 |
41 |
33 |
12 or less credits (1 semester
only) |
12 |
1 |
5 |
5 |
13-15 credits (1 semester only) |
0 |
8 |
3 |
5 |
24 or less credits (2 semesters) |
14 |
11 |
10 |
9 |
More than 24 credits (2 semesters) |
13 |
15 |
8 |
6 |
Total taking 2 semesters worth of
credits |
27/50 |
26/47 |
18/41 |
15/33 |
Criminal Justice |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 |
21/22 |
21Cohort Size |
31 |
22 |
27 |
19 |
12 or less credits (1 semester only) |
5 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
13-15 credits (1 semester only) |
5 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
24 or less credits (2 semesters) |
1 |
6 |
6 |
3 |
More than 24 credits (2 semesters) |
4 |
6 |
9 |
8 |
Total taking 2 semesters worth of credits |
5/31 |
12/22 |
15/27 |
11/19 |
3) Program retention and persistence relative to the start date of the program (subsequent term calculation)
ADJ |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 |
21/22 |
Persistence |
94% |
86% |
80% |
67% |
Retention |
31% |
57% |
60% |
67% |
Criminal Justice |
18/19 |
19/20 |
20/21 |
21/22 |
Persistence |
75% |
80% |
83% |
87% |
Retention |
50% |
50% |
58% |
75% |
IV. Completion: Credential attainment (Quantitative, IE)
1) Sub-credential attainment and timeframe (are students completing sub-credential prior to or at the same time as parent credential?)
Justice Studies CSC | 18/19 | 19/20 | 20/21 | 21/22 |
Graduates | -- | -- | 1/2 | - |
Out of graduates, those who graduated within 150% timeframe | -- | -- | 1/1 | - |
2) Parent credential attainment and timeframe, if applicable, disaggregated by specialization
Administration of Justice | 18/19 | 19/20 | 20/21 | 21/22 |
Graduates | 5/50 | 7/47 | 10/41 | 5/33 |
Out of graduates, those who graduated within 150% timeframe | 5/5 | 7/7 | 8/10 | 5/5 |
Criminal Justice | 18/19 | 19/20 | 20/21 | 21/22 |
Graduates | 0/31 | 3/23 | 4/27 | 7/19 |
Out of graduates, those who graduated within 150% timeframe | -- | 3/3 | 4/4 | 7/7 |
a. Are students completing within 6 semesters (150% of graduation time)?
V. Transition: Employment or transfer post-credential (Quantitative, IE)
1) Transfer outcomes (students who transfer with associate degree, students who transfer without)
Program | Cohort | Graduates | w/Assoc | w/o Assoc |
Criminal Justice | 27 | 4 | 1 | 0 |
2) Student perspective/satisfaction
Question | 2018-19 | 2019-20 | 2020-21 | 2021-22 |
The courses I took at P&HCC prepared me for my educational goals. | 74.3 | |||
The faculty at P&HCC are fair and supportive of students. | 86.7 | |||
The faculty at P&HCC demonstrate thorough knowledge of the subject matter. | 90.7 | |||
In the courses I took at P&HCC, classroom activities and outside assignments were appropriate and meaningful. | 72.7 | |||
I would recommend the faculty at P&HCC | 91.3 |
VI. Sustainability: Future Program Outlook (Mixed methods, IE, program head and dean)
1) Program forecast (major expenditures, changes, personnel needs, etc.); any future costs should be explained in this section)
a. Any other pertinent information relevant to the review process should be provided here (e.g. community need, state/federal requirements, external accreditation, SCHEV low enrollment warning, etc.)
b. Employment forecast for program (Analyst data)
Occupation data for Patrick & Henry Service Region | Total Employed | Mean Wage | Projected Demand (5 years) |
Law Enforcement Workers | 402 | $44,500 | 130 |
All Occupations | 47,606 | $42,000 | 25,599 |